We review distinctive experimental techniques that rely on coherent transient effects, optical lattices, and atom interferometry that have realized varied applications including precise measurements of atomic lifetimes, masses of dielectric particles, atomic diffusion, centre of mass velocity, and gravitational acceleration. We show that the two-pulse photon echo technique is capable of realizing a precise determination of the Rb 5P3/2 excited state lifetime. We describe time domain techniques that track the motion of dielectric microparticles confined by free space optical tweezers and measure particle masses with a sensitivity of 10-16 kg. We detect the motion of Rb optical lattices in a buffer gas environment to obtain comprehensive measurements of atomic diffusion. Comparisons with theoretical calculations suggest the basis for a quantum pressure sensor capable of calibrating commercial pressure gauges. We outline a frequency domain technique for the realization of state-of-the-art velocimeters using laser cooled atoms. Finally, we review recent results from a frequency domain echo atom interferometer that uses ultracold rubidium atoms channelled into an optical lattice to realize a gravimeter. All these experiments have relied on low cost, homebuilt, diode laser systems.
Dr. Kumarakrishnan is a leader in the area of coherent transient effects and atom interferometry. His doctoral research at the University of Idaho established that superfluorescence can occur with high efficiency even in the presence of rapid collisional and radiative redistribution. During post-doctoral appointments at the Connecticut, NYU, and MIT, he was involved with some of the first studies of the properties of magneto-optical traps, cold collisions, and the development of the first single state (echo) atom interferometer (AI) using cold atoms. His group at York University has developed an array of quantum sensing techniques with varied and applications such as the atomic fine structure constant, centre of mass velocity, gravitational acceleration, magnetic fields, magnetic and gravity gradients, diffusion and quantum pressure sensors, mass, and atomic lifetimes. The commercial potential of these applications has been highlighted by industrial partnerships with leaders in geophysical exploration resulting in the development of low cost, portable laser systems that can be integrated with commercial sensors. He has been recognized through awards for graduate student mentorship and teaching, and 6 group alumni have been appointed to tenured positions in academia and national labs. His group has developed two impactful upper-level laboratory courses on laser spectroscopy.